An adjective (نعت) is a word that describes a preceding noun, clarifying a quality like size, color, shape, or condition. The noun being described is called the “described noun” (منعوت).
Example: “I read an enjoyable book” — «كتابًا» (book) is the described noun, and «ممتعًا» (enjoyable) is the adjective telling us about its quality. Another example: “I saw a small white cat” — here two adjectives describe the cat: “small” and “white.”
An important rule is that the adjective must match the described noun in gender and number: we say “a tall boy” (ولدٌ طويلٌ), “a tall girl” (بنتٌ طويلةٌ), and “tall boys” (أولادٌ طوالٌ) — notice how the adjective's form changes to match.
